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Please see our Privacy Policy for further information on how we use your personal data. Waterfall Model. This approach was one of the earliest models used for software development. Advantages and Disadvantages of Waterfall Advantages : Simple and understandable, the Waterfall Model is a manageable method ideal for lifecycle management of smaller projects where the requirements are established and finalized upfront. Incremental Model Credit: Testing Excellence Built to mediate the shortcomings of the Waterfall Model, the Incremental Model consists of iterative and incremental development stages.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Incremental Model Advantages : The Incremental Model is a great solution for projects that need accommodation for some change requests between increments. RAD Model. Agile Model. Advantages and Disadvantages of Agile Advantages : The Agile Model decreases the amount of time to yield individual system features.
Iterative Model. Spiral Model. Advantages and Disadvantages of Spiral Model Advantages: The Spiral Model can be advantageous as it manages risks and divides development into phases. It includes a Software Requirement Specification document, application wireframes, mockups, and a prototype optional. Requirement analysis should be approached seriously by the specialists because it is a foundation of all further work.
The system design stage is practically an extended version of the plan developed during the first phase. So, all gathered info about the product is being analyzed and systematized. The information received during the requirement analysis stage was primarily described in words, and at the design stage, the plan is amended with the technical details. So, the developers are designing the architecture at this phase of the software life cycle. All the different technical questions that may appear at this stage are discussed by all the stakeholders, including the customer.
Specialists who work actively at this phase are software engineers, system architects, database specialists, designers. And of course, BA, PM, and tech leads remain a permanent part of the software development process.
Each time a system component is created, it should be documented at once. After the requirements are approved, the process goes to the next stage — actual development. It is the most lengthy stage of the SDLC. Up to this point, all necessary information about the product is ready, and all details are thought out and designed. So, they start to write the source code while keeping in mind previously defined requirements.
The system administrators adjust the software environment. Frontend programmers develop the user interface of the program and the logic for its interaction with the server. Programmers actively communicate with the designers because the functionality must be consistent with the design. Apart from the developers, PM plays an essential role by controlling that the documentation, system design, and other components fall under the relevant standards.
He is also responsible for managing teams and consistent product delivery. So, before moving on to the next phase, programmers need to code back-end, front-end, databases, APIs, integrations, etc.
After everything described is completed, the team moves to the testing stage. The testing phase includes the debugging process. All the code flaws missed during the development are detected here. QA specialists document them and pass them back to the developers for fixing. The testing process repeats until all the critical issues are removed, and the software workflow is stable. The activity during this phase may vary depending on the testing types adopted by the QA engineers. They do manual testing with the help of such methods:.
If QA specialists opt for automated testing, they use numerous frameworks and solutions that ease the process. QA engineers can receive some testing results only after the demo version of an app is published, and they can interact with it as users. The data based on it helps to understand whether the product corresponds to business requirements as well as to the technical ones. When the program is finalized and has no critical issues, it is time to launch it for the end-users.
After the initial program version release, the tech support team joins. This department gathers user feedback for further analysis. They also consult and support users during the exploitation. In Agile development, a DevOps engineer is responsible for app releases and deployments.
Among their responsibilities there are:. DevOps engineers use various tools to achieve faster product deployment — for example, Jenkins , Docker , Git , and others. Sometimes, the DevOps team includes from 3 to 5 specialists.
So that, separate people are in charge of release management, automation, QA overseeing, and security management. But, in some cases, only one high-skilled person takes on all of these responsibilities. A product manager is responsible for analyzing the data gathered based on the first feedback from real users. So that a team can make conclusions about which practices were successful and which ones they better replace.
This information helps a business analyst or a product manager understand whether all features are necessary or missing. It provides them with a clear picture of what people want. So, the application adjustments are not uncommon after the initial release. Maintenance includes two types of work if we divide it roughly: supporting initially created functionality and adding new features.
Usually, it involves the maintenance agreement, where the responsibilities of a software provider are strictly defined. It targets more the support of the existing features and outlines how many online consultations and departures to the client are included, what time is suitable for contacting the team, and other details.
However, this document also covers the frequency of software updates. When it comes to the technical side of the issue, a project manager analyzes the feedback after the initial release and assigns the developers to fix bugs and add updates. Significant updates are made according to a particular schedule, and some minor changes are implemented by a DevOps engineer frequently.
While programmers fix bugs and add new features, a DevOps specialist plans, and schedules the ongoing release. Curious to find out what specialists take part in each stage, how long it takes, and how much it costs?
There are two core software development life cycle models: heavyweight predictive and lightweight agile. Heavyweight processes imply that the scope of work is predefined in advance. They require a significant contribution from the programmers and weighty documentation. Traditionally, companies chose a heavyweight approach for streamlining and organizing extensive projects.
However, now this type of SDLC models has lost its popularity. It decreases project efficiency because of the unnecessary bureaucracy implied. Today, it is replaced by lightweight or agile processes, also called adaptive.
They are a good compromise between overly strict discipline and its total absence. Agile methodologies require a much smaller amount of documentation in terms of a software life cycle.
For example, an adaptive approach considers various customer requirements, such as the necessity of constant application modifications. Predictive SDLC models, in turn, are only growing in complexity with the emergence of unplanned changes. Heavyweight methodologies are pertinent in the context of strictly defined requirements and large teams of specialists.
Agile tactics are best implemented in terms of frequent amendments to the initial plan and relatively small groups up to 10 people working in one team. There are many more options, but these are the most common ones. Among different SDLC models and methodologies, adaptive agile are the brightest candidates nowadays.
The agile approach opens up new possibilities for specialists, enables more flexibility, and puts the communication between people ahead of the blind plan following. Realizations of Agile models include:. The waterfall is a cascade SDLC model that presents the development process like the flow, moving step by step through the phases of analysis, projecting, realization, testing, implementation, and support.
This SDLC model includes gradual execution of every stage. Waterfall implies strict documentation. The features expected of each phase of this SDLC model are predefined in advance. The waterfall life cycle model is considered one of the best-established ways to handle complex projects. This approach allows avoiding many mistakes that may appear because of insufficient control over the project.
However, it results in pervasive documentation development. It is beneficial to the developers who may be working with the product in the future, but it takes a long time to write everything down. In some cases, the feedback loop is included. This loop enables specialists to return to the previous phase for a short period. If something significant changes in the initial plan, a team should wait until the very last stage to return to the beginning and pass all software life cycle phases again.
The iterative model resembles a waterfall model, but there is quite a considerable difference between them. In the waterfall case, all ten functions will be thoroughly planned during the requirement analysis and design phases and then steadily implemented during the development stage.
The iterative model is quite different. It implies that the whole process is divided into a particular number of iterations, and during each of them, developers build a limited number of features.
So, the Iterative SDLC model does not require a complete list of requirements before the project starts. The development process may start with the requirements to the functional part, which can be expanded later. The process is repetitive, allowing to make new versions of the product for every cycle. The basic points of consideration include work overload, cost economy, the flexibility of operation and data security.
Before you choose any model, you must consider the implication it has on your employees, suppliers and customers. The implementation procedure for every model will vary depending upon the complexity and risk factor involved. The training requirement will also be different for different models.
Work out the cost, long-term strategy and plan the implementation process. On-premise ERP software means that the company purchases the software and installs it on its own servers. The company has to further invest in ERP tools, add-ons, long-term and short-term server maintenance. On-premise software gives the leverage of customizing the software as per the typical needs of an organization. Though it may look complex to manage, many businesses feel that it scores an edge over other delivery models.
Your business data is secured within your company-owned servers. You have to spend significant time in implementation, setting up the system and loading new modules. Your infrastructure cost is high as you have to invest in servers to increase data handling capacity. You have to allocate extra IT staff to run the software on your system.
All ERP software needs a server to run. In hosted ERP model, you own the software but not the server. You rather use third party servers by paying a monthly fee.
All your data is located in these third-party secured servers. Data back-up, data security and server maintenance is taken care of by the vendor itself. In hosted services, the software is accessed through a virtual private network rather than through the internet. It is gradually being replaced by web-based cloud-hosted ERP models.
Vendors make sure that your data is secured, with balanced architecture and an uptime guarantee. Vendors ensure that your software is easily accessible to your employees.
Vendors have sufficient experience in the industry to keep your software up and running. It is accessed over the internet on a subscription basis.
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